Roly Poly Lab - Free Essay Example

Pillbug â€Å"Roly-Poly† Behavior LaB ? Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to observe the behavior of the Armadillium vulgare (roly- poly bug), as well as hypothesize whether it will be attracted to, repelled by, or unresponsive to certain substances. Methods 1. Observing the pillbug: examine the pillbug’s shell and body, shell shape, color, texture, number of legs, number of antennae, motion, speed, and sex after close examination. 2. Formulate hypotheses: choose substances (powders and liquids) and suggest whether the pillbug will be attracted to, repelled by, or unresponsive to each substance. . Perform an experiment: using a control, test the pillbug’s reaction to the substances 4. Compare with classmates: determine whether classmates had similar results when testing the same substance. Data Collected ? The pill bugs have 7 pairs of legs with 14 overlapping plates. Oval-shaped like a â€Å"pill†. One pair of antennae. Black with lighter spots. The pil lbugs climb over each other. The male pillbugs are bigger and darker 3 female pillbugs. Male plays dead on his back when tampered with. The pillbugs roll into a ball for safety. Uropods at the end of abdomen. Legs move in a quick wave-like motion. ? 1. As the pillbug moves around in the beaker, the movement of the legs is very quick and fluid; similar to that of a â€Å"wave†. 2. To protect itself from predators, the pillbug rolls itself into an armored ball. Similarly, the pillbug uses its hard exoskeleton as a way to protect itself from the elements. Their long antennae allow for them to locate food and their shorter legs in the front help to bring the closer food to their mouths. Lastly, the pillbug’s multiple legs allows for it to interact with the environment. 3. When allowed to crawl on my hand, the pillbug moved quickly in a zig-zag motion. I could feel the pillbug as it made it’s way up my arm. After close examination, I later discovered that the pillbug was able to cling to my skin because of it’s hook-like tips on it’s legs. 4. When the beaker is slightly tilted, the pillbugs prefer to move forward toward the top of the beaker. Next, we measured the speed and distance of each pillbug. The results can be seen in the table below. The next step was to formulate hypotheses about the pillbug’s reaction to common powders and liquids. The next part of the lab was to then test the pillbug’s reaction to the chosen substances and determine whether or not the hypotheses in Table 1. 3 were supported in this experiment. The control in this experiment was water. The final procedure in the lab was to compare our results with the results of our classmates who tested the same substances. The results can be seen below in Table 1. 5. ? Key: + = towards; = repelled ; 0 = no reaction Summary/Conclusions This experiment demonstrates that pillbugs prefer a wet environment to a dry one. Through our data, we have concluded that our hypothesis, â€Å"if the pillbug is exposed to water, then it will be responsive and move toward it† , is correct. Even so, we also hypothesized that, â€Å"if the pillbug is exposed to milk, then it will be responsive and move toward it†; this, however, was proven incorrect after we performed the experiment. On the other hand, several other groups also tested the pillbug’s reaction to milk and found that the pillbug moves toward it. To better improve this experiment, we would make sure that there is no trace of water in the path of the pillbugs when we test the other substances. Factors that could have possibly altered the results in the experiment would be the age and gender of the pillbugs. PILLBUG â€Å"ROLY-POLY† LAB REVIEW QUESTIONS: A theory is more comprehensive than a conclusion. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation of observed phenomena. Data is the information scientists collect while doing experiments and making obser vations. After experiments and observations comes the conclusion. A control is a sample that foes through all the steps of an experiment and does not contain the factor being tested. Yes, data can prove a hypothesis to be true. Conclusion Scientific Theory A pillbug has 14 body divisions If a pillbug curls into a ball, it can be concluded that it feels threatened. Pillbugs that back away from a substance are repelled by the substance. THOUGHT QUESTIONS: 1. A scientific theory is a concept that ties together many varied conclusions into a generalized statement. 2. It is important to use one substance at a time when testing a pillbug’s reaction because in this experiment we are trying to determine whether or not the pillbug is repelled by, attracted to, or unresponsive to a specific substance. If you use more than one substance at a time, it will not determine whether the pillbug is attracted to, repelled by, or unresponsive to a substance, especially if the pillbug is al ready headed towards the direction of a substance. 3. No, the scientific method cannot explain all observations. In order for the scientific method to explain all observations, it must be able to answer a question about something that can be measured. The question: Do pillbugs have a color preference ? cannot be tested by the scientific method. METRIC MEASUREMENTS MICROSCOPY REVIEW QUESTIONS: 1. 11 mm equals 1. 1 cm 2. 50 mm equals 0. 95 m 3. 2. 1 liters equals 2100 ml 4. 122 °F equals 50 ° C 5. 4. 100 mg equals 0. 0041 g THOUGHT QUESTIONS: 19. Locating an object is more difficult if you start with the high-power objective rather than the low-power because the high-power objective is used to get a closer study of an object/specimen, whereas the low-power objective is used to quickly scan and LOCATE something smaller in a large area. 20. The advantages that the metric system provides over the English units of measure is that all conversions, whether for volume, mass(weight), or length, can be in units of ten. 21. Scanning power objective allows you to observe the greatest number of cells within the field of view. Natural State Rolled into a Ball Observation: Pillbug’s External Anatomy Observation: Pillbug’s Motion Table 1. 2 Pillbug Speed Pillbug Millimeters Traveled Time(sec) Average Speed(mm/sec) 1. 11. 1 mm 10 1. 11 mm/sec 2. 60 mm 10 6 mm/sec 3. 00 mm 10 20 mm/sec 4. 40 mm 10 4 mm/sec Table 1. 3 Hypotheses About Pillbug’s Reaction to Common Powders and Liquids Hypothesis About How Pillbug Substance Tested Will Respond to Substance Reasoning for Hypothesis 1. Milk If the pillbug is exposed to milk, then it will be responsive and move toward it. Moist 2. Water If the pillbug is exposed to water, then it will be responsive and move toward it. Moist 3. Sugar If the pillbug is exposed to sugar, then it will be unresponsive and move away from it. Dry 4. Flour If the pillbug is exposed to flour then it will be unresponsive and mo ve away from it Dry Table 1. 4 Pillbug’s Reaction to Common Substances Substance Tested Pillbug’s Reaction Hypothesis Supported? 1. Milk Unresponsive NO 2. Water Responsive YES 3. Sugar Unresponsive YES 4. Flour Unresponsive YES Table 1. 5 Class Results

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Improvement Of Manufacturing Operations Through A Lean...

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Pete Rose3 Essay Example For Students

Pete Rose3 Essay Bart Giamattis decision to ban Pete Rose from the Baseball Hall of Fame was not a fair decision at all. Pete Rose was placed on Baseballs ineligible list in 1989 when commissioner of baseball, Bart Giamatti concluded that Rose had bet on baseball games, including games involving his own team, the Cincinnati Reds. In an agreement made with Baseball, Rose accepted his banishment from the sport. Although he never admitted to having gambled on baseball games(McCarver 44). Pete Rose was a phenomenal baseball player and manager. He was accused of gambling. His team while he was managing was supposedly involved. Bart Giamattis severe punishment of Pete Rose is a very controversial topic in the world of sports. There are a few rules that must have been followed to be inducted to the Hall of Fame. The one that is keeping Rose away is rule five. Rule five states: Voting shall be based upon the players record, playing ability, integrity, sportsmanship, character, and contributions to the team or teams on which the player played (Hemmer 85). This rule has been tested and beaten many times. Many players have entered the Baseball Hall of Fame such as the very unllikeable Ty Cobb, the drinking Babe Ruth, the umpire abusing John McGraw, the racist Cap Anson, Gaylord Perry a suspected cheater, and the gambling Leo Durocher. Those are just a few of the baseball players who somehow made into the Hall of Fame and got passed rule five (Will 225). Pete Roses problem was not even as severe as all of these other men. The argument to this is that if these men can make it into the Hall of Fame why is Pete Rose banned. It is obvious that these players made it there with just their playing abilities and not by all of the other characteristics needed to be inducted into the Hall of Fame (Will 226). Pete Rose started playing professional baseball in 1960 in the minor leagues and by 1963 he reached the Major Leagues as a rookie second baseman with the National Leagues Cincinnati Reds. Rose won the National Leagues Rookie of the Year Award for 1963. He spent most of his 24 year career playing with the Reds, Rose also played with the Phillies and the Expos. In 1985 Rose broke one of the most unbreakable records of all time, by passing out Ty Cobb for the most career hits ever (US fans n.p.). Rose holds many records, some of which are: most games played, most at bats, and most singles by a major league baseball player. All of these statistics are definitely Hall of Fame worthy (Cosmic baseball n.p.). Pete Rose denies that he ever bet on Major League baseball games. The commissioner of baseball, Bart Giamatti, did not believe Rose at all. There is not any kind of proof that directly led to Rose gambling. There is evidence that does lead to Rose gambling on games, even ones involving the Cincinnati Reds (Reston 32). This evidence came from three men who are former friends of Pete Rose. Tommy Gioiosa, Paul Janszen and Ron Peters were a group of bodybuilders in a local gym in Cincinnati. All three of them used steroids to make themselves physically big (Allen 158). Gioiosa, Janszen, and Peters each was convicted of felonies. They were all involved in illegal gambling, drug dealing (cocaine and steroids), and income tax evasion. Pete Rose knew what kind of men these three were and broke away from them.It is possible that these three men could have turned Rose in for some kind of pay back, because of the fact that Rose stopped associating with them (Allen 160). How reliable are these men and their information about Rose?Pete Rose met Tommy Gioiosa in Florida in 1978. The two of these men became good friends. Gioiosa moved to Cincinnati and lived with Rose and his family that year.Tommy Gioiosa introduced Rose to the group of bodybuilders at the local Cincinnati gym. Among this group was the gyms owner Mike Fry, and a bodybuilder Donald Stenger. Donald Stenger was a big supporter of steroids. Tommy Gioiosa really bulked himself up with steroids that he got from Stenger (Reston 58).